Application Security Reference Database

A structured engineering reference for the standards application security findings get measured against — OWASP, CWE, MITRE ATT&CK, CVSS, EPSS, and CISA KEV. Each entry explains a concept in plain terms rather than restating the standard’s own text; the official source is linked from every entry.

Find a Concept

21 of 21 entries

OWASP M10M1

M1: Improper Credential Usage

Hardcoded secrets, API keys, and tokens embedded directly in an application binary or source, rather than provisioned at runtime.

OWASP M10M2

M2: Inadequate Supply Chain Security

Third-party dependencies and SDKs with known vulnerabilities, malicious packages, or outdated components pulled directly into the app.

OWASP M10M5

M5: Insecure Communication

Cleartext traffic, weak TLS configuration, or disabled certificate pinning that exposes data while it moves between the app and its backend.

OWASP M10M9

M9: Insecure Data Storage

Sensitive data persisted in plaintext — SharedPreferences, SQLite, external storage, or an unprotected Keychain entry.

ASVSV2

ASVS V2: Authentication

Requirements for how an application verifies identity — credential handling, multi-factor authentication, and session initiation.

ASVSV9

ASVS V9: Communications

Requirements for protecting data in transit — TLS version, certificate validation, and cleartext traffic prevention.

ASVSV14

ASVS V14: Configuration

Requirements covering build and deployment configuration — debug flags, exported components, and backup exposure.

CWECWE-798

CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials

A weakness where software contains a hardcoded credential (password, key, or token) used for authentication or encryption.

CWECWE-1104

CWE-1104: Use of Unmaintained Third-Party Components

A weakness from depending on a third-party component that is no longer actively maintained or supported.

CWECWE-319

CWE-319: Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information

A weakness where sensitive data is transmitted in a way that allows it to be read by an unauthorized actor in transit.

CWECWE-922

CWE-922: Insecure Storage of Sensitive Information

A weakness where sensitive data is stored without sufficient protection against unauthorized access.

ATT&CKT1404

T1404: Exploit OS Vulnerability

An adversary technique where an unpatched operating-system vulnerability is used to escalate privileges beyond what the app or attacker should have.

ATT&CKT1476

T1476: Deliver Malicious App via Other Means

An adversary technique for distributing a malicious or trojanized application outside of an authorized app store.

ATT&CKT1437

T1437: Standard Application Layer Protocol

An adversary technique using standard, blend-in network protocols for command-and-control or data exfiltration once a device is compromised.

CVSS

CVSS Base Score: Exploitability Metrics

The four CVSS v3.1 Base metrics — Attack Vector, Attack Complexity, Privileges Required, User Interaction — that describe how a vulnerability is reached.

CVSS

CVSS Base Score: Impact Metrics

The three CVSS v3.1 Base impact metrics — Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability — that describe what happens if a vulnerability is successfully exploited.

CVSS

CVSS Vector Strings, Explained

How to read a compact CVSS v3.1 vector string like CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.

EPSS

What EPSS Actually Measures

A 0–1 probability estimating the likelihood a specific CVE will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days.

EPSS

EPSS vs. CVSS: Complementary, Not Competing

Why exploitation likelihood (EPSS) and severity (CVSS) answer different questions, and prioritization needs both.

KEV

What the CISA KEV Catalog Is

A CISA-maintained catalog of CVEs with confirmed evidence of active, in-the-wild exploitation — not a predictive or theoretical list.

KEV

BOD 22-01 and the Federal Remediation Mandate

The CISA Binding Operational Directive that requires federal civilian agencies to remediate KEV-listed vulnerabilities by an assigned due date.

Collections

OWASP

OWASP Mobile Top 10

The ten most critical mobile application security risks, published by OWASP and refreshed for 2024. Strata maps every applicable finding to one of these ten categories on every Android and iOS scan.

OWASP

OWASP ASVS Controls

The Application Security Verification Standard defines testable security requirements across 14 chapters and three verification levels. Referenced here at chapter level — exact control IDs shift between ASVS point releases, so verify individual control text against the linked source before citing it in an audit.

MITRE

CWE Reference

The Common Weakness Enumeration is a community-maintained taxonomy of software weakness types. Every Strata finding maps to a CWE ID where one applies, giving it a stable identifier independent of any single framework's category numbering.

MITRE

MITRE ATT&CK Reference

Application-security-relevant techniques from the MITRE ATT&CK for Mobile matrix — the attacker behavior a given weakness enables, mapped back to the OWASP Mobile Top 10 category that would prevent it. Scoped to Mobile matrix techniques Strata's own coverage already cites, not a general ATT&CK Enterprise reference.

FIRST

CVSS Reference

The Common Vulnerability Scoring System, maintained by FIRST, produces a 0–10 severity score from a fixed set of exploitability and impact metrics. Strata calculates a CVSS v3.1 Base Score automatically for every applicable finding.

FIRST

EPSS Reference

The Exploit Prediction Scoring System estimates the probability that a specific vulnerability will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days. Unlike CVSS, an EPSS score changes over time as real-world exploitation data accumulates.

CISA

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities

CISA's catalog of vulnerabilities with confirmed evidence of active, in-the-wild exploitation. This is an educational overview of how the catalog works and what listing on it means — not a live mirror of catalog entries, which change continuously and are out of scope for a static reference page.

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